\nSomething magically created through the force of a mantra May appear as if it had the character of an elephant, But there is merely an appearing aspect there And no elephant at all exists. [27]<\/p>\n
The elephant is the imaginary nature, Its appearance is the other-dependent, And the nonexistence of the elephant there Is held to be the perfect. [28] –Vasubandhu, “Instruction on the Three Natures” (Brunnho\u0308lzl, Straight from the Heart)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>
Chittamatra<\/h2>\n<\/div>
<\/h5>\n
JABL Subject Headings<\/a> | Definitions<\/a> | Sutra Sources<\/a> | Indian Sources (Maitreyan\u0101tha-Asan\u0307ga, Vasubandhu)<\/a> | Mind-only School in Tibetan Buddhism<\/a> | Contemporary Scholarship<\/a> | Other Resources<\/a><\/h5>\n
\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>JABL Subject Headings<\/h3>\n
\n
- Yoga\u0304ca\u0304ra (Buddhism)<\/a><\/li>\n
- Vijn\u0303aptima\u0304trata\u0304.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/div>Definitions<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>
Cittam\u0101tra
\n<\/strong>\u0f66\u0f7a\u0f58\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f59\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b (sems-tsam-pa)<\/p>\n\n
- A Mahayana school of Indian Buddhism that does not assert external phenomena, but which does assert the true existence of dependent phenomena. One of the four Indian Buddhist tenet systems studied by all traditions of Tibetan Buddhism. The Mind-Only School.<\/li>\n
- Synonym: Mind-only School (Berzin Definitions)<\/li>\n
- Mind-Only School; Chittam\u0101tra; Proponent of Mind Only (Hopkins)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>
Yog\u0101c\u0101ra
\n<\/strong>\u0f62\u0fa3\u0f63\u0f0b\u0f60\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f7c\u0f62\u0f0b\u0f66\u0fa4\u0fb1\u0f7c\u0f51\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b (<\/span><\/span>rnal ‘byor spyod pa)
\n<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n\n
- Another name for the Chittamatra school of Indian Buddhism. (Berzin Definitions)<\/li>\n
- Yog\u0101ch\u0101ra; practice of yoga (Hopkins)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>
\nCognition-only (Hopkins)<\/strong><\/p>\n
rnam pa rig pa tsam (\u0f62\u0fa3\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f59\u0f58\u0f0b) – vij\u00f1aptim\u0101tra<\/span><\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n\n
- \u2018Mere representation\u2019; the Yog\u0101c\u0101ra theory that the contents of everyday, unenlightened experience are merely a false superimposition upon actuality of dualistic concepts generated by the mind that prevent direct experience of reality as it truly is (yath\u0101-bh\u016bta). (A Dictionary of Buddhism, Oxford University Press)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/div>Sutra Sources<\/h3>\n<\/div>
Samdhinirmocana Sutra<\/strong>
\nUnraveling the Intent
\n\u0f51\u0f42\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f44\u0f7a\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f60\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f7a\u0f63\u0f0d (Dgongs pa nges ‘grel)
\nSa\u1e43dhi\u00adnirmocana
\nTibetan<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n
- Buddhavacana Translation Group. 2020. The Noble Great Vehicle S\u016btra \u201cUnraveling the Intent.\u201d 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha. 84000<\/a><\/li>\n
- Cleary, Thomas F, trans. 1995. Buddhist Yoga: A Comprehensive Course<\/i>. Shambhala. JABL<\/a><\/li>\n
- Keenan, John P., trans. 2000. The Scripture on the Explication of Underlying Meaning.<\/em> Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research. WorldCat<\/a><\/li>\n
- Powers John, trans. 1995. Wisdom of Buddha: The Sam\u0307dhinirmocana Su\u0304tra<\/i>. Dharma Publishing. JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>
Lankavatara Sutra
\n<\/strong>Discourse of the Descent into La\u1e45ka
\n\u0f63\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f40\u0f62\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f64\u0f7a\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f51\u0f7c\u0f0b (L<\/span>ang kar bshegs pa’i mdo)
\nLa\u1e45k\u0101vat\u0101ra S\u016btra
\nTibetan<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n
- Sutton, Florin Giripescu, trans. 1991. Existence and Enlightenment in the Lan\u0307ka\u0304vata\u0304ra-Su\u0304tra: A Study in the Ontology and Epistemology of the Yoga\u0304ca\u0304ra School of Maha\u0304ya\u0304na Buddhism.<\/em> SUNY Press. JABL<\/a><\/li>\n
- Suzuki, Daisetz Teitaro, trans. 1999. The Lankavatara Sutra: A Mahayana Text: Translated for the First Time from the Original Sanskrit.<\/em> Motilal Banarsidass. JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/div>Indian Sources<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>
Transmitted from Maitreyan\u0101tha to Asan\u0307ga<\/h3>\n<\/div>
Abhisamay\u0101la\u1e43k\u0101ra<\/strong>
\nOrnament of Clear Realization
\n\u0f58\u0f44\u0f7c\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f62\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f9f\u0f7c\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f92\u0fb1\u0f53\u0f0b (Mngon par rtogs pa\u2019I rgyan)
\nSanskrit<\/a> Tibetan<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n
- Maitreyan\u0101tha, Arya Vimuktisena (Vrtti), Haribhadra (Aloka), and Gareth Sparham, trans. 2015. Abhisamay\u0101la\u1e43k\u0101ra with Vr\u0325tti and <\/em>\u0100lok\u0101<\/em>.<\/em> V. 1-4. Jain Publishing Company. JABL<\/a><\/li>\n
- Maitreyan\u0101tha, Jeffrey Hopkins and Jongbok Yi, trans. 2015. Maitreya’s Ornament for the Clear Realizations<\/em>. UMA Institute for Tibetan Studies. UMA-Tibet<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>
Mah\u0101y\u0101na-s\u016btr\u0101lamk\u0101ra-k\u0101rik\u0101<\/b>
\nOrnament of the Mah\u0101y\u0101na Sutras
\n\u0f50\u0f7a\u0f55\u0f39\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f51\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f66\u0fa1\u0f7a\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f92\u0fb1\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f5e\u0f7a\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f5a\u0f72\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f7a\u0f0f\u0f68\u0f74\u0f62\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b (Theg pa chen po mdo sde’i rgyan zhes bya ba’i tshig le’ur byas pa)
\nSanskrit<\/a> Tibetan<\/a> Tsadra<\/a> <\/strong><\/p>\n\n
- Asan\u0307ga, Maitreyan\u0101tha, Robert A. F. Thurman, L. Jamspal, and Vasubandhu. 2004. The Universal Vehicle Discourse Literature = Maha\u0304ya\u0304nasu\u0304tra\u0304lam\u0307ka\u0304ra<\/i>. American Institute of Buddhist Studies. JABL<\/a><\/li>\n
- Maitreyana\u0304tha, Gzhan-dga Gzhan-phan-chos-kyi-snan\u0307-ba, and Lama Mipham. 2014. Ornament of the Great Vehicle Su\u0304tras: Maitreya\u2019s Maha\u0304ya\u0304nasu\u0304tra\u0304lam\u0323ka\u0304ra with Commentaries by Khenpo Shenga and Ju Mipham<\/em>. Snow Lion. JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>
Madhy\u0101ntavibh\u0101ga<\/strong>
\nDistinguishing the Middle and the Extremes
\n\u0f51\u0f56\u0f74\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f51\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f50\u0f60\u0f0b\u0f62\u0fa3\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f62\u0f0b\u0f60\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f7a\u0f51\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b (Dbus-dang mtha’ rnam-par ‘byed-pa )
\n<\/i>Sanskrit<\/a> Tibetan<\/a> Tsadra<\/a><\/strong>
\n<\/i><\/p>\n\n
- Maitreyan\u0101tha, Vasubandhu, Sthrimathli, and Th. Stcherbatsky, trans. 1992. Madhy\u0101nta-Vibh\u0101ga<\/em>: Discourse on Discrimination between Middle and Extremes Ascribed to Boddhisattve Maitreya and Commented by Vasubandhu and Sthiramati<\/i>. Sri Satguru Publications. JABL<\/a><\/li>\n
- Vasubandhu and Stefan Anacker. 1984. Seven Works of Vasubandhu: The Buddhist Psychological Doctor<\/em>. Motilal Banarsidass. JABL<\/a> (archive.org<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
Asan\u0307ga<\/h3>\n<\/div>
Bodhisattvabh\u016bmi\u1e25<\/strong>
\nBodhisattva Grounds
\n\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f66\u0f7a\u0f58\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f51\u0f54\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f66\u0f0b (Sa las byang chub sems dpa’i sa)
\nTibetan<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n
- Asan\u0307ga and Artemus B. Engle, trans. 2016. The Bodhisattva Path to Unsurpassed Enlightenment: A Complete Translation of the Bodhisattvabhu\u0304mi.<\/em> Translated by Artemus B Engle. Snow Lion. JABL<\/a><\/li>\n
- Asa\u1e45ga and Janice Willis. 1979. On Knowing Reality: The Tattva\u0304rtha Chapter of Asan\u0307ga’s Bodhisattvabhu\u0304mi.<\/em> Columbia University Press. JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>
Mah\u0101y\u0101nasamgraha<\/strong>
\nCompendium of the Maha\u0304ya\u0304na
\n\u0f50\u0f7a\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f66\u0fa1\u0f74\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54 (Theg pa chen po bsdus pa)
\nTibetan<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n
- Asan\u0307ga, Karl Brunnho\u0308lzl, and Tsadra Foundation. 2018.A Compendium of the Maha\u0304ya\u0304na: Asan\u0307ga\u2019s Maha\u0304ya\u0304nasam\u0323graha and Its Indian and Tibetan Commentaries. Snow Lion<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
Vasubandhu<\/h3>\n<\/div>
Trisvabh\u0101vanirde\u015ba<\/strong>
\nInstructions on the Three Natures
\n\u0f62\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5e\u0f72\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f42\u0f66\u0f74\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f44\u0f7a\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f62\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f66\u0f9f\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f54 (Rang bzhin gsum nges par bstan pa)
\nSanskrit<\/a> Tibetan<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n
- Vasubandhu and Karl Brunnh\u00f6lzl, trans. 2007. Straight from the Heart: Buddhist Pith Instructions. <\/em>Snow Lion. JABL<\/a><\/li>\n
- Vasubandhu and Stefan Anacker. 1984. Seven Works of Vasubandhu: The Buddhist Psychological Doctor<\/em>. Motilal Banarsidass. JABL<\/a> (archive.org<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>
Vi\u1e43\u015batik\u0101v\u1e5btti<\/strong>
\nTwenty Verses and Commentary
\nTibetan<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n
- Vasubandhu and Stefan Anacker. 1984. Seven Works of Vasubandhu: The Buddhist Psychological Doctor<\/em>. Motilal Banarsidass. JABL<\/a> (archive.org<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>
Vi\u1e43\u015batik\u0101v\u1e5btti<\/strong>
\nThirty Verses and Commentary
\n\u0f49\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f64\u0f74\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f60\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f7a\u0f63\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b (Nyi shu \u2018grel pa)
\nTibetan<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n
- Vasubandhu and Stefan Anacker. 1984. Seven Works of Vasubandhu: The Buddhist Psychological Doctor<\/em>. Motilal Banarsidass. JABL<\/a> (archive.org<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>
Madhy\u0101ntavibh\u0101ga-bh\u0101\u1e63ya<\/strong>
\nSeparation of Middle from Extremes and Commentary
\n\u0f51\u0f56\u0f74\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f51\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f50\u0f60\u0f0b\u0f62\u0fa3\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f62\u0f0b\u0f60\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f7a\u0f51\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f60\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f7a\u0f63\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b (Dbus dang mtha\u2019 rnam par \u2018byed pa\u2019i \u2018grel pa)
\nSanskrit<\/a> Tibetan<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n
- Vasubandhu and Stefan Anacker. 1984. Seven Works of Vasubandhu: The Buddhist Psychological Doctor<\/em>. Motilal Banarsidass. JABL<\/a> (archive.org<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/div>Mind-only School in Tibetan Buddhism<\/h3>\n
\n
- Friquegnon, Marie-Louise. 2011. Studies on \u015a\u0101ntarak\u1e63ita\u2019s Yog\u0101c\u0101ra M\u0101dhyamaka<\/em>. Global Scholarly Publications. JABL<\/a><\/li>\n
- \u200b\u200bHopkins, Jeffrey. 2002. Reflections on Reality: The Three Natures and Non-natures in the Mind-only School<\/em>. University of California Press. JABL<\/a><\/li>\n
- \u200b\u200b\u2014\u2014\u2014. 2003. Emptiness in the Mind-Only School of Buddhism<\/em>. University of California Press. JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/div>Contemporary Scholarship<\/h3>\n
\n
- Gajin Nagao, and Leslie S. Kawamura. 1991. Ma\u0304dhyamika and Yoga\u0304ca\u0304ra: A Study of Maha\u0304ya\u0304na Philosophies: Collected Papers of of G.M. Nagao<\/i>.<\/em> SUNY Press. JABL<\/a><\/li>\n
- Garfield, Jay L., and Jan Westerhoff. 2015.