{"id":1397,"date":"2023-10-09T19:34:23","date_gmt":"2023-10-09T19:34:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/maitripa.org\/library\/?page_id=1397"},"modified":"2026-09-07T20:35:36","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T20:35:36","slug":"indian-sources","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/maitripa.org\/library\/subject-guides\/bodhisattva-ethics\/indian-sources\/","title":{"rendered":"Bodhisattva Ethics: Indian Sources"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:104%;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:10px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><blockquote>\n<p>&#8220;If someone were to fill with jewels as many Buddha fields, as there are grains of sand in the Ganges, to offer to the Protector of the World, this would be surpassed by the gift of folding one\u2019s hands and inclining one\u2019s mind to enlightenment, for such is limitless.&#8221;&nbsp; &nbsp;&#8212; Atis\u0301a, Bodhipathaprad\u012bpa,<em> Lamp for the Path of Enlightenment<\/em>, Sonam Rinchen, trans.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:104%;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:10px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:10px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><h3>Indian Sources<\/h3>\n<p>A\u015bvagho\u1e63a\/M\u0101t\u1e5bce\u1e6da&nbsp; &#8212;&nbsp; N\u0101g\u0101rjuna&nbsp; &#8212;&nbsp; \u0100ryadeva&nbsp; &#8212;&nbsp; \u0100rya\u015b\u016bra&nbsp; &#8212;&nbsp; Candrak\u012brti&nbsp; &#8212;&nbsp; Candragomin&nbsp; &#8212;&nbsp; Maitreyana\u0304tha&nbsp; &#8212;&nbsp; Asa\u1e45ga&nbsp; &#8212;&nbsp; S\u0301a\u0304ntideva&nbsp; &#8212;&nbsp; Kamalas\u0301\u012bla&nbsp; &#8212;&nbsp; At\u012b\u015ba<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:104%;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:10px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-6\">\n<h3 class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" data-fontsize=\"21\" data-lineheight=\"25.41px\">A\u015bvagho\u1e63a\/M\u0101t\u1e5bce\u1e6da (c. 80-150 CE)&nbsp;<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-6\">\n<p><strong>Mah\u0101r\u0101jaka\u1e47i\u1e63kalekha<br \/>\n<\/strong>Letter to Kanishka<br \/>\n\u0f62\u0f92\u0fb1\u0f63\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f40\u0f0b\u0f53\u0f72\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f40\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f0b\u0f60\u0f55\u0fb2\u0f72\u0f53\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f66\u0fa4\u0fb2\u0f72\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f61\u0f72\u0f42 (Rgyal po chen po ka nis ka la \u2018phrins pa\u2019i spring yig)<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/library.bdrc.io\/show\/bdr:MW22704\">Tibetan<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hahn, Michael, Candragomin, and M\u0101tr\u0325ce\u1e6da. 1999. <em>Invitation to Enlightenment: Letter to the Great King Kani\u1e63ka and Letter to a Disciple<\/em>. Tibetan Translation Series. Dharma Publishing.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8316355\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-5\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-6\">\n<p><strong>\u015aatapa\u00f1c\u0101\u015batka<br \/>\n<\/strong>Hymn to the Buddha<br \/>\n\u0f56\u0f62\u0f92\u0fb1\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f94\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f45\u0f74\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f5e\u0f7a\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f66\u0f9f\u0f7c\u0f51\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0d (Brgya lnga bcu pa zhes bya ba\u2019i bstod pa)<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/tibetan.works\/etext\/reader.php?collection=tengyur&amp;index=1147\">Tibetan<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ma\u0304tr\u0325cet\u0323a, et al. 1951.&nbsp;<em>The S\u0307atapan\u0303ca\u0304s\u0301atka of Ma\u0304tr\u0327cet\u0327a: Sanskrit Text Tibetan Translation &amp; Commentary and Chinese Translation<\/em>. Cambridge: University Press.<\/li>\n<li>S. Dhammika, Ven. 2013.\u201dMatrceta\u2019s Hymn to the Buddha: An English Rendering of the Satapa\u00f1casatka.\u201d <em>Access to Insight (BCBS Edition),<\/em> 30 November.&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.accesstoinsight.org\/lib\/authors\/dhammika\/wheel360.html\">accesstoinsight.org<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:104%;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:10px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-6\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\">\n<h3>N\u0101g\u0101rjuna (active 2nd century)<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-7\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-5\">\n<p><strong>S\u016btrasamuccaya<br \/>\n<\/strong>Compendium of Sutra<br \/>\n\u0f58\u0f51\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f40\u0f74\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f4f\u0f74\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0d (Mdo kun las btus pa)<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/tibetan.works\/etext\/reader.php?collection=tengyur&amp;index=3934\">Tibetan<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\">P\u0101s\u0101dika, B. 1978\u201382. \u201cThe S\u016btrasamuccaya: An English Translation from the Tibetan Version of the Sanskrit Original.\u201d <em>Linh-Son Publication d\u2019\u00c9tudes Bouddhologiques<\/em>, v. 2-20. Joinville-Le-Pont, France : Monast\u00e8re Bouddhique Linh-Son.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-8\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><strong>Ratn\u0101vali<br \/>\n<\/strong>PreciousGarland<br \/>\n\u0f62\u0f92\u0fb1\u0f63\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f0b\u0f42\u0f4f\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f55\u0fb2\u0f7a\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f0d (Rgyal po la gtam bya ba rin po che\u2019i phreng ba)<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de\/gretil\/1_sanskr\/6_sastra\/3_phil\/buddh\/bsa025_u.htm\">Sanskrit<\/a>&nbsp;\/&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/tibetan.works\/etext\/reader.php?collection=tengyur&amp;index=4158\">Tibetan<\/a><\/div>\n<div>\n<ul>\n<li>Hopkins, Jeffrey and Na\u0304ga\u0304rjuna. 1998. \u201cPrecious Garland.\u201d In <em>Nagarjuna\u2019s Precious Garland:&nbsp;Buddhist Advice for Living and Liberation<\/em>, pp.94-164. Snow Lion Publications. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tir50.ch\/files\/content\/download\/textbook\/Textbook-HHDL-Zurich-2018-English.pdf\">tir50.ch<\/a>)&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8330287\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-5\">\n<ul>\n<li>Jampa Tegchok and N\u0101g\u0101rjuna, Steve Carlier, trans. 2017. <em>Practical&nbsp;Ethics and Profound Emptiness: A Commentary on Nagarjuna\u2019s Precious Garland<\/em>. Wisdom Publications.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/router\/library\/resources\/9912350\/show\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-9\"><p><strong>Bodhicittaviv\u0101rana<\/strong><br \/>\nCommentary to the Awakening Mind<br \/>\n\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f66\u0f7a\u0f58\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f40\u0fb1\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f60\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f7a\u0f63\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0d (Byang chub sems kyi \u2018grel pa)<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de\/gretil\/1_sanskr\/6_sastra\/3_phil\/buddh\/nagbhc_u.htm\">Sanskrit<\/a>&nbsp; \/&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/tibetan.works\/etext\/reader.php?collection=tengyur&amp;index=1801\">Tibetan<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Jinpa, Thupten and N\u0101g\u0101rjuna. \u201cA Commentary on the Awakening Mind Nagarjuna.\u201d (<a href=\"http:\/\/bodhimarga.org\/docs\/Bodhicittavivarana_English.pdf\">bodhimarga.org<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-5 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:104%;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:10px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-10\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-6\">\n<h3 class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" data-fontsize=\"21\" data-lineheight=\"25.41px\">\u0100ryadeva (active 3rd century)<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-11\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-6\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Catu\u1e25\u015bataka<\/strong><br \/>\nFour Hundred Verses<br \/>\n\u0f56\u0f5e\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f62\u0f92\u0fb1\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0d (Bzhi brgya pa)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lang, Karen, trans. 1986.&nbsp;<em>A\u0304ryadeva\u2019s Catuhs\u0301ataka: On the Bodhisattva\u2019s Cultivation of Merit and Knowledge<\/em>. Akademisk. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8316853\">JABL<\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/ia902805.us.archive.org\/18\/items\/KARENLANGARYADEVASCATUHSATAKAONBODHISATVASCULTIVATIONOFMERITANKNOWLEDGE1986\/%5B%20KAREN%20LANG%20%5D%20ARYADEVA%20%27S%20CATUHSATAKA%20-%20ON%20BODHISATVAS%20CULTIVATION%20OF%20MERIT%20AN%20KNOWLEDGE%20-%20%28%201986%20%20%29.pdf\">archive.org<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>Lang, Karen, trans. 2003.&nbsp;<em>Four Illusions: Candraki\u0304rti\u2019s Advice for Travelers on the Bodhisattva Path<\/em>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8316253\">JABL<\/a> (translation of Candraki\u0304rti\u2019s commentary\u2013chapters 1-4)<\/li>\n<li>Berzin, Alexander. \u201cOverview of \u2018Four Hundred Verse Treatise&#8217; \u2013 Dr. Berzin.\u201d Study Buddhism by Berzin Archives. (<a href=\"https:\/\/studybuddhism.com\/en\/advanced-studies\/lam-rim\/emptiness-advanced\/overview-of-four-hundred-verse-treatise-dr-berzin\">studybuddhism.com)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-6 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:104%;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-6 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:10px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-12\"><h3>\u0100rya\u015b\u016bra (4th century)<\/h3>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-13\"><p><strong>J\u0101takam\u0101l\u0101<\/strong><br \/>\nGarland of Birth Stories<br \/>\n\u0f66\u0f90\u0fb1\u0f7a\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f56\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f40\u0fb1\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f92\u0fb1\u0f74\u0f51 (Skyes pa\u2019i rabs kyi rgyud)<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.dsbcproject.org\/canon-text\/book\/22\">Sanskrit<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/tibetan.works\/etext\/reader.php?collection=tengyur&amp;index=4150\">Tibetan<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0100rya\u015b\u016bra, et al. 1983.<em>The Marvelous Companion<\/em><em>:<\/em><em> Life Stories of the Buddha = Ja\u0304takama\u0304la\u0304 = Skyes-Pa&#8217;i-Rabs-Kyi Rgyud<\/em>. Dharma Publishing. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8312713\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Speyer, J. S. 1971. The Ja\u0304takama\u0304la\u0304 or garland of birth-stories of A\u0304ryas\u0301u\u0304ra. Motilal Banarsidass. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8329273\">JABL<\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gutenberg.org\/ebooks\/46984\">gutenberg.org<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>Vaidya, P. L. (ed.). 1959. <em>Ja\u0304taka<\/em><em>-M<\/em><em>a\u0304la\u0304.<\/em>Mithila Institute of Post-Graduate Studies and Research in Sanskrit Learning.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-14\"><p><strong>P\u0101ramit\u0101sam\u0101sa-n\u0101ma<\/strong><br \/>\nCompendium of Perfections<br \/>\n\u0f55\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f7c\u0f63\u0f0b\u0f4f\u0f74\u0f0b\u0f55\u0fb1\u0f72\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f66\u0fa1\u0f74\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f5e\u0f7a\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f0d (Pha rol tu phyin pa bsdus pa)<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de\/gretil\/1_sanskr\/6_sastra\/3_phil\/buddh\/bsa050_u.htm\">Sanskrit<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/tibetan.works\/etext\/reader.php?collection=tengyur&amp;index=3944\">Tibetan<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Beresford, Brian C., D. Tul-ku, G. Tulku, and S. Tulku. 1979. <em>Aryasura\u2019s Aspiration: With Commentary by Gendun Gyatso, the 2nd Dalai Lama; and a Meditation on Compassion from a Discourse by His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama Together with a Sadhana of Avalokiteshvara<\/em>. Library of Tibetan Works and Archives. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8349512\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Meadows, Carol and Michael Hahn, ed. 1986. <em>\u0100rya\u015b\u016bra\u2019s Compendium of the Perfections: Text, Translation, and Analysis of P\u0101ramit\u0101sam\u0101sa.<\/em> India et Tibetica Verlag. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/title\/83290743?oclcNum=83290743\">WorldCat<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-7 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:104%;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-7 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:10px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-15\"><h3>Candrak\u012brti (c.570\u2013c.650)&nbsp;<\/h3>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-16\"><p><strong>Madhyamak\u0101vat\u0101ra<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rigpawiki.org\/index.php?title=Introduction_to_the_Middle_Way\"><br \/>\n<\/a>Enty to the Middle Way<br \/>\n\u0f51\u0f56\u0f74\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f0b\u0f60\u0f47\u0f74\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b (Dbu ma la \u2018jug pa)<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/tibetan.works\/etext\/reader.php?collection=tengyur&amp;index=3861\">Tibetan<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Huntington, C. W., and Namgyal Wangchen. 1992. <em>The Emptiness of Emptiness: An Introduction to Early Indian Madhyamika.<\/em> Motilal Banarsidass. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8316943\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<li>La Valle\u0301e Poussin, Louis de, and Candraki\u0304rti. 1912. <em>Madhyamaka\u0304vata\u0304ra<\/em>. Impr. de l\u2019Acade\u0301mie impe\u0301riale des sciences.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<li>Tsong-kha-pa Blo-bzang-grags-pa and Jinpa Thupten. 2021. <em>Illuminating the Intent: An Exposition of Candraki\u0304rti\u2019s \u201cEntering the Middle Way\u201d.<\/em>&nbsp;Somerville MA: Wisdom Publications. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=14145163\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-17\"><p><strong>Madhyamak\u0101vat\u0101rabh\u0101\u1e63ya<\/strong><br \/>\nAuto commentary to Entry to the Middle Way (Box)<br \/>\n\u0f51\u0f56\u0f74\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f0b\u0f60\u0f47\u0f74\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f64\u0f51\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b (Dbu ma la \u2018jug pa\u2019i bshad pa)<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/tibetan.works\/etext\/reader.php?collection=tengyur&amp;index=3862\">Tibetan<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Churinoff, George and Thubten Jampa (trans.), and Candraki\u0304rti. 1994. <em>Supplement to the Middle Way (Madhyamakavatara) &amp; Explanation of the Supplement to the Middle Way (Madhyamakavatara Bhashyam<\/em>). (<a href=\"https:\/\/media.dalailama.com\/English\/texts\/madhyamakavatara-autocommentary-ENG.pdf\">media.dalailama.com<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>Liland, Fredrik. 2019. <em>Madhyamak\u0101vat\u0101rabh\u0101\u1e63ya: Chandrakirti\u2019s Auto-Commentary to Entering the Middle Way<\/em>. Bibliotheca Polyglotta. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www2.hf.uio.no\/polyglotta\/index.php?page=volume&amp;vid=1113\">www2.hf.uio.no<\/a>) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www2.hf.uio.no\/polyglotta\/public\/media\/libraries\/file\/2\/Liland%202019,%20Chandrakirti&apos;s%20Auto-Commentary%20to%20Entering%20the%20Middle%20Way.pdf\">pdf<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-8 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:104%;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-8 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:10px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-18\"><h3>Candragomin (5th century)<\/h3>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-19\"><p><strong>Bodhisattvasa\u1e43varavi\u1e43\u015baka<\/strong><br \/>\nBodhisattva vows<br \/>\n\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f66\u0f7a\u0f58\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f51\u0f54\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f66\u0fa1\u0f7c\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f49\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f64\u0f74\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0d (Byang chub sems dpa&#8217;i sdom pa nyi shu pa)<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/tibetan.works\/etext\/reader.php?collection=tengyur&amp;index=4081\">Tibetan<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Berzin, Alexander. [n.d.] Root Bodhisattva Vows. Study Buddhism by Berzin Archives. (<a href=\"https:\/\/studybuddhism.com\/en\/advanced-studies\/prayers-rituals\/vows\/root-bodhisattva-vows\">studybuddhism.com<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>Sonam Rinchen. 2000. <em>The Bodhisattva Vow<\/em>. Snow Lion. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8310289\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Tatz, Mark, Candragomin and Grags-pa-rgyal-mtshan. 1983. <em>Candragomin&#8217;s Twenty Verses on the Bodhisattva Vow and Its Commentary by Sakya Dragpa Gyaltsen<\/em>. Library of Tibetan Works &amp; Archives. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8584766\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-20\"><p><strong>\u015ai\u1e63yalekha<\/strong><br \/>\nLetter to a Student<br \/>\n\u0f66\u0fb3\u0f7c\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f0b\u0f60\u0f55\u0fb2\u0f72\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f66\u0fa4\u0fb2\u0f72\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f61\u0f72\u0f42 (Slob ma la &#8216;phrin pa&#8217;i spring yig)<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/library.bdrc.io\/show\/bdr:MW22704\">Tibetan<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hahn, Michael, Candragomin, and M\u0101tr\u0325ce\u1e6da, and M. Hahn. 1999. <em>Invitation to Enlightenment: Letter to the Great King Kani\u1e63ka and Letter to a Disciple<\/em>. Dharma Publishing. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8316355\">JABL<\/a>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-9 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:104%;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-9 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:10px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-21\"><h3>Maitreyana\u0304tha<\/h3>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-22\"><p><strong>Abhisamay\u0101la\u1e43k\u0101ra<\/strong><br \/>\nOrnament of Clear Realization<br \/>\n\u0f64\u0f7a\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f40\u0fb1\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f55\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f7c\u0f63\u0f0b\u0f4f\u0f74\u0f0b\u0f55\u0fb1\u0f72\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f44\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f42\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f66\u0f9f\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f45\u0f7c\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f44\u0f7c\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f62\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f9f\u0f7c\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b \u0f62\u0f92\u0fb1\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f5e\u0f7a\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f5a\u0f72\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f7a\u0f60\u0f74\u0f62\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0d (Shes rab kyi pha rol tu phyin pa\u2019i man ngag gib stan bcos mngon par rtogs pa\u2019i rgyan zhes bya ba\u2019i tshig le\u2019ur byas ba)<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de\/gretil\/1_sanskr\/6_sastra\/3_phil\/buddh\/bsa026_u.htm\">Sanskrit<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/tibetan.works\/etext\/reader.php?collection=tengyur&amp;index=3786\">Tibetan<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A\u0304ryavimuktis\u0323en\u0323a, Gareth Sparham, Maitreyana\u0304tha, and Haribhadra. 2006.&nbsp;<i>Abhisamaya\u0304lam\u0323ka\u0304ra with vr\u0325tti and a\u0304loka\u0304<\/i>. Jain Publishing Company. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8318899\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Hopkins, Jeffrey, and Jongbok Yi. 2015. <em>Maitreya\u2019s Ornament for the Clear Realizations<\/em>. UMA Institute for Tibetan Studies. <a href=\"https:\/\/uma-tibet.org\/edu\/gomang\/gopub_ornamentroot.php\">uma-tibet.org<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-23\"><p><strong>Mah\u0101y\u0101nas\u016btr\u0101la\u1e43k\u0101rak\u0101rik\u0101&nbsp;<\/strong><br \/>\nOrnament of the Mah\u0101y\u0101na Sutra<br \/>\n\u0f50\u0f7a\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f51\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f66\u0fa1\u0f7a\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f92\u0fb1\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f5e\u0f7a\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f5a\u0f72\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f7a\u0f60\u0f74\u0f62\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0d (Theg pa chen po mdo sde\u2019I rgyan zhes bya ba\u2019I tshig le\u2019ur byas pa)<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de\/gretil\/1_sanskr\/6_sastra\/3_phil\/buddh\/bsa030_u.htm\">Sanskrit<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/tibetan.works\/etext\/reader.php?collection=tengyur&amp;index=4020\">Tibetan<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Asan\u0307ga., Maitreyana\u0304tha, Robert A. F. Thurman, L. Jamspal, and Vasubandhu. 2004. <em>The Universal Vehicle Discourse Literature = Mah\u0101y\u0101nas\u016btr\u0101la\u1e41k\u0101ra<\/em>. American Institute of Buddhist Studies. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/router\/library\/resources\/8314849\/show\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Asan\u0307ga, Maitreyana\u0304tha., Gz\u0301an-phan-chos-kyi-snan\u0307-ba, and Mi-pham-rgya-mtsho. 2014. <em>Ornament of the Great Vehicle Su\u0304tras\u202f: Maitreya\u2019s Maha\u0304ya\u0304nasu\u0304tra\u0304lam\u0323ka\u0304ra with Commentaries by Khenpo Shenga and Ju Mipham<\/em>. Snow Lion. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/router\/library\/resources\/13670563\/show\">JABL<\/a>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-10 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:104%;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-10 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:10px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-24\"><h3>Asa\u1e45ga (6th century)<\/h3>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-25\"><p><strong>Bodhisattvabh\u016bmi\u1e25<\/strong><br \/>\nBodhisattva Grounds<br \/>\n\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f66\u0f7a\u0f58\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f51\u0f54\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f66\u0f0d (Sa las byang chub sems dpa&#8217;i sa)<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/tibetan.works\/etext\/reader.php?collection=tengyur&amp;index=4037\">Tibetan<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Asan\u0307ga, and Artemus B. Engle, trans. 2016. <em>The Bodhisattva Path to Unsurpassed Enlightenment: A Complete Translation of the Bodhisattvabhu\u0304mi.<\/em> Snow Lion. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/router\/library\/resources\/14145354\/show\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Tatz, Mark, Asa\u1e45ga and Tsong-kha-pa. 1986. <em>Asanga\u2019s Chapter on Ethics with&nbsp;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Commentary of Tsong-Kha-Pa, the Basic Path to Awakening, the Complete Bodhisattva<\/em>. The Edwin Mellen Press. (<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/asangaasangaschapteronethicswiththecommentaryoftsongkhapamarktatz\">archive.org<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-26\"><p><strong>Mah\u0101y\u0101nasamgraha<\/strong><br \/>\nCompendium of the Maha\u0304ya\u0304na<br \/>\n\u0f50\u0f7a\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f66\u0fa1\u0f74\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0d (Theg pa chen po bsdus pa)<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/tibetan.works\/etext\/reader.php?collection=tengyur&amp;index=4048\">Tibetan<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Brunnho\u0308lzl, Karl, trans., and Asan\u0307ga. 2018. <em>A Compendium of the Maha\u0304ya\u0304na: Asan\u0307ga\u2019s Maha\u0304ya\u0304nasam\u0323graha and Its Indian and Tibetan Commentaries.<\/em> Snow Lion. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/title\/985359772\">WorldCat<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-11 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:104%;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-11 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:10px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-27\"><h3>S\u0301a\u0304ntideva (active 7th century)<\/h3>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-28\"><p><strong>\u015aik\u1e63\u0101samuccaya<\/strong><br \/>\nCompendium of Training or Compendium of Precepts<br \/>\n\u0f56\u0f66\u0fb3\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f40\u0f74\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f4f\u0f74\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f5a\u0f72\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f7a\u0f60\u0f74\u0f62\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b (Bslab pa kun las btus pa\u2019i tshig le\u2019ur bya ba)<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/tibetan.works\/etext\/reader.php?collection=tengyur&amp;index=3939\">Tibetan<\/a>&nbsp; <a href=\"http:\/\/gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de\/gretil\/1_sanskr\/6_sastra\/3_phil\/buddh\/bsa014_u.htm\">Sanskrit<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>S\u0301a\u0304ntideva, Cecil Bendall, and W. H. D. Rouse. 2006. <em>S\u0301iks\u0325a\u0304 samuccaya: A Compendium of Buddhist Doctrine<\/em>. Motilal Banarsidass. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8312815\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<li>S\u0301a\u0304ntideva, and Charles Goodman. 2016. <em>The Training Anthology of S\u0301a\u0304ntideva: Translation of the S\u0301iks\u0323a\u0304-Samuccaya<\/em>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8344598\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-29\"><p><strong>Bodhisattvacary\u0101vat\u0101ra or Bodhicary\u0101vat\u0101ra&nbsp;<br \/>\n<\/strong>A Guide to the Bodhisattva\u2019s Way of Life<br \/>\n\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f66\u0f7a\u0f58\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f51\u0f54\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f66\u0fa4\u0fb1\u0f7c\u0f51\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f0b\u0f60\u0f47\u0f74\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b (Byang chub sems dpa\u2019i spyod pa la \u2018jug pa)<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/tibetan.works\/etext\/reader.php?collection=tengyur&amp;index=3871\">Tibetan<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de\/gretil\/1_sanskr\/6_sastra\/3_phil\/buddh\/bsa003_u.htm\">Sanskrit<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Batchelor, Stephen, trans., and \u015a\u0101ntideva. 2012. <em>A Guide to the Bodhisattva\u2019s Way of Life<\/em>. Snow Lion. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8310355\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Bstan-\u2018dzin-rgya-mtsho, Dalai Lama XIV, and Thupten Jinpa, trans. 2012. <em>Practicing Wisdom: The Perfection of Shantideva\u2019s Bodhisattva Way.<\/em> Wisdom Publications. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8309551\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Bstan-\u2018dzin-rgya-mtsho, Dalai Lama XIV, Pema Wangyal, S\u0301a\u0303ntideva, and Comite\u0301 De Traduction Padmakara. 2009. <em>For the Benefit of All Beings: A Commentary on the Way of the Bodhisattva<\/em>. Shambhala. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8322871\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Comite\u0301 De Traduction Padmakara, trans., and \u015a\u0101ntideva. 2008. <em>The Way of the Bodhisattva: A Translation of the Bodhicharyavatara<\/em>. Shambhala. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8314219\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Crosby, Kate and Andrew Skilton, trans., and S\u0301a\u0304ntideva. 2008. <em>The Bodhicarya\u0304vata\u0304ra.<\/em> Oxford: Oxford University Press. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/title\/191752417?oclcNum=191752417\">WorldCat<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>Oldmeadow, Peter. 1994. <em>A Study of the Wisdom Chapter (Prajnaparamita Pariccheda) Bodhic\u0101ryavt\u0101rapa\u00f1jik\u0101 of Praj\u00f1\u0101karamati<\/em>. Australian National University. Open Access Theses. (<a href=\"https:\/\/openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au\/handle\/1885\/110199\">openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>Sharma, Parmananda, S\u0301a\u0304ntideva, and Prajn\u0303a\u0304karamati. 1990. <em>S\u0301a\u0304ntide\u0304va\u2019s Bodhicharya\u0304vata\u0304ra: Original Sanskrit Text with English Translation and Exposition Based on Prajn\u0303a\u0304karmati\u2019s Pan\u0303jika\u0304<\/em>. Aditya Prakashan. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8319685\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Wallace, Vesna A. and Wallace, B. Alan, trans., and S\u0301a\u0304ntideva. 1997. <em>A Guide to the Bodhisattva Way of Life = Bodhicarya\u0304vata\u0304ra<\/em>. Snow Lion. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8309779\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-12 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:104%;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-12 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:10px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-30\"><h3>Kamalas\u0301\u012bla (active 713-763)<\/h3>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-31\"><p><strong>Bh\u0101van\u0101krama<\/strong><br \/>\nStages of Meditation<br \/>\n\u0f56\u0f66\u0f92\u0f7c\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0d (Bsgom pa\u2019i rim pa)<br \/>\nTibetan: <a href=\"https:\/\/tibetan.works\/etext\/reader.php?collection=tengyur&amp;index=3915\">initial<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/tibetan.works\/etext\/reader.php?collection=tengyur&amp;index=3916\">middling<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/tibetan.works\/etext\/reader.php?collection=tengyur&amp;index=3917\">final<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de\/gretil\/1_sanskr\/6_sastra\/3_phil\/buddh\/bsa047_u.htm\">Sanskrit<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Adam, Martin T. and Kamalas\u0301i\u0304la. 2002.&nbsp;<em>Meditation and the Concept of Insight in&nbsp;Kamalas\u0301i\u0304la\u2019s&nbsp;Bha\u0304vana\u0304krama<\/em>. Dissertation. McGill University. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/title\/225356497?oclcNum=225356497\">WorldCat<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Bstan-\u02bcdzin-rgya-mtsho, Dalai Lama XIV, Kamalas\u0301i\u0304la, Geshe Lobsang Jordhen, Losang Choephel Ganchenpa, and Jeremy Russell, trans. 2001.&nbsp;<em>Stages of Meditation: [Commentary]<\/em>. Ithaca NY: Snow Lion Publications. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8315485\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Kamalas\u0301i\u0304la and Paramananda Sharma. 2004.&nbsp;<em>Bha\u0304vana\u0304krama of Kamalas\u0301i\u0304la<\/em>.&nbsp;New Delhi: Aditya Prakashan. <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.populiweb.com\/library\/resource.php?resourceID=8329717\">JABL<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Kamalas\u0301i\u0304la, Lhundup Sopa, Geshe, Elvin W. Jones, and John Newman, trans. [n.d.] <em>Middle Length Stages of Meditation<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.box.com\/s\/ope7y8ueykf7olv8kt0jhwco4oe92v84\">PDF<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-13 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:104%;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-13 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:10px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-32\"><h3>At\u012b\u015ba (982-1084)<\/h3>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-33\"><p><strong>Bodhisattvama\u1e47y\u0101val\u012b<\/strong><br \/>\nThe Bodhisattva&#8217;s Garland of Jewels<br \/>\n\u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f66\u0f7a\u0f58\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f51\u0f54\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f53\u0f7c\u0f62\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f74\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f55\u0fb2\u0f7a\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f0d (Byang chub sems dpa&#8217;i nor bu&#8217;i phreng ba)<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/tibetan.works\/etext\/reader.php?collection=tengyur&amp;index=3951\">Tibetan<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Berzin, Alexander, trans., and At\u012b\u015ba [n.d.] \u201cA Bodhisattva\u2019s Garland of Gems.\u201d Study Buddhism by Berzin Archives. <a href=\"http:\/\/studybuddhism.com\/en\/tibetan-buddhism\/original-texts\/sutra-texts\/a-bodhisattva-s-garland-of-gems\">studybuddhism.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-14 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:104%;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-14 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:10px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-34\"><p><strong>Back to the <a href=\"https:\/\/maitripa.org\/library\/subject-guides\/bodhisattva-ethics\/\">Bodhisattva Ethics Subject Guide<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"parent":1190,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1397","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - 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